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MODALITIES |
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| Short-wave
Diathermy: |
| It is a high frequency
alternating current which helps to reduce muscle spasm, relieves
pain, increases circulation of the painful area. Mainly used
for arthritis, backpain, neck pain, shoulder pain, sprain
etc. |
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| Electrical
Currents: |
| Galvanic: |
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Faradic: |
| Can
be used for Diagnostic and Therapeutic purposes, Direct Galvanic
current is mainly used for Ionization i.e. transference of
ions of drugs into the tissues through the skin for pain relief.
It is also used for stimulation of weak muscles. |
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Can
be surged with different wave forms. It is used for pain &
Swelling. eg. post operative knee surgery-it is given to improve
muscle strength, prevent atrophy, & reduction of muscle
swelling. |
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| UltraSonic: |
Ultrasonic involves
the use of sound waves. It is useful for localized pain and
helps to reduce pain, muscle spasm, and loosens adhesions.
it is also useful in Neuralgic pain eg. post-herpatic neuralga.
Care should be taken for the dosage. |
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| Paraffin
Wax Bath (P.W.B.): |
| Has a low melting
point, a special wax is used for small joints of hands and
feet. Skin acts as a insulator. It is used for stiff joints
(post-plaster, fracture of hands, feet) Arthritic cases of
small joints. It should not be given in certain skin conditions.
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| TENS
(Transcutaneous Nerve Stimulator): |
This is a small
battery operated instrument. It has a simple theory "gate
control" i.e. Pain can be blocked by non destructive
means.
A gentle application of electrical stimulation (with special
rate, width, & voltage control) helps to close the gate,
thereby blocking the pain message to the brain at the spinal
cord level giving immediate pain relief in certain conditions.
Author is using T.E.N.S. since 1979, she has found good results
in chronic backpain and neckpain. It is biologically safe
to use. (Except when pacemaker is implanted) |
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| LASER
Therapy: |
| This was the first
of its kind in India. An acronym of the term 'Light Amplification
of Stimulated Emission of Radiation'. It is a non-invasive
modality for the pain relief; it is a low power laser class
1, which is safe to use, as they do not destroy tissue. It
has a unique physiological effect that gives immediate pain
relief in certain cases. Its indications are arthritis, tennis
elbow, heel pain, neck pain, backpain, sciatica, healing of
wounds, knee injuries etc. |
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| MFC
(Medium Frequency Currents): |
| MFC is found effective
for pain modulating and has even nerve block effect, and has
long lasting pain relief. It's programmable computerized unit,
where relaxation and contraction of the muscles can be controlled
in 1:1 or 2:4 ratio. It gives good relief in post-operative
pain. |
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| Longwave
Therapy (For Pain Relief): |
| First of its kind
in India. The Equipment generates a high frequency current.
It is manufactured in Norway. It is based on the capacitor
field method. Patient feels mild comfortable heat, which has
long lasting pain relief and in some cases immediate 30% to
40% relief is obtained.Indications: Calf muscles pain, Ankle
sprain, Backache, Arthritis, Frozen Shoulder, Tennis Elbow,
Heel pain etc. |
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| Importance
of exercise: |
Proper exercises
promote joint and muscular nutrition. Be it arthritis, back
pain, neck pain, calf muscle pain, Aids, depression, old age,
shoulder pain or cancer, 'tailor made' exercises have been
proved effective.
Stretching exercises improve the range of motion. Breathing
and relaxation exercises must be done twice a day. Repetition
of exercises varies with the individual and the condition
of the patient.
The keyword is 'balanced exercises'. Too much exercising can
damage joints or cause fatigue. Exercises must be done under
the supervision of the physiotherapist. |
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